When baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) is mixed with stomach acid (hydrochloric acid), a chemical reaction occurs, resulting in the production of carbon dioxide gas, water, and a salt called sodium chloride. The reaction can be represented by the following chemical equation:
NaHCO3 (baking soda) + HCl (stomach acid) → CO2 (carbon dioxide) + H2O (water) + NaCl (sodium chloride/salt)
This reaction is exothermic, meaning it releases heat as a byproduct. The carbon dioxide gas produced during the reaction is what causes the effervescence or bubbling sensation that you may feel if you've ever taken baking soda with an acidic solution. This is similar to the effervescence observed when baking soda reacts with vinegar.
When used as an antacid, baking soda is sometimes ingested to help neutralize excess stomach acid, providing temporary relief from indigestion or heartburn. However, it's essential to use baking soda as an antacid in moderation and under the guidance of a healthcare professional, as excessive consumption can lead to potential side effects, including gas, bloating, and electrolyte imbalances. It is generally not recommended to use baking soda as a long-term treatment for stomach acidity without medical supervision. If you experience frequent or severe heartburn or indigestion, it's best to consult a doctor for proper diagnosis and appropriate treatment.