If your pound cake looks wet or undercooked in the middle, there are a few possible reasons for this issue:
Underbaking: The most common reason for a wet or undercooked middle in a pound cake is that it hasn't been baked long enough. When the cake's edges and top appear fully baked and start to brown, it can give the illusion that the cake is done. However, the center might still be raw. Always use a toothpick or a cake tester to check for doneness. Insert it into the center of the cake—if it comes out clean or with a few dry crumbs, the cake is fully baked.
Incorrect oven temperature: Another factor that can lead to a wet middle is an oven temperature that is too low. Ensure that your oven is properly calibrated, and if necessary, use an oven thermometer to verify the accuracy of the temperature. If your oven runs too cool, the cake won't bake evenly and may remain wet in the center.
Overmixing: Overmixing the batter can cause the proteins in the flour to develop too much gluten, leading to a dense and gummy texture in the middle of the cake. Mix the ingredients until they are just combined to avoid this issue.
Oven hotspots: Some ovens have uneven heat distribution, and certain areas might be hotter than others. If the middle of your cake is consistently undercooked, it's possible that your oven has hotspots, and the center is not receiving enough heat.
Incorrect pan size: Using the wrong pan size can also affect how your pound cake bakes. If the pan is too small or too large for the amount of batter, the cake may not cook evenly. Follow the recipe's recommended pan size, and if you don't have the exact size, choose one that has a similar volume capacity.
Leavening issues: If there's not enough leavening (such as baking powder or baking soda) in the recipe, the cake may not rise properly, leading to a dense and wet center.
To avoid these issues, double-check your recipe and baking process. Make sure to follow the instructions carefully, use the correct oven temperature, and always perform the toothpick test to determine if the cake is fully baked. If you're using a new oven or pan, it's a good idea to monitor the baking process closely until you're familiar with how it performs.