If you don't have a kitchen scale to measure flour accurately, there are alternative methods you can use to measure it by volume. Keep in mind that using a scale provides the most precise and consistent results, but these methods can still yield good results:
Spoon and level method: Use a spoon to gently scoop flour from the container into your measuring cup until it's overflowing. Take a flat edge, like the back of a knife, and level off the excess flour from the top of the cup. This method helps avoid compacting the flour and gives you a more accurate measurement.
Dip and sweep method: Dip your measuring cup into the flour container, allowing it to fill up. Use a straight edge (like a knife or spatula) to level off the flour by sweeping it across the top of the measuring cup. Be careful not to pack the flour down or shake the cup, as it can lead to inaccurate measurements.
Remember that the flour's texture and how it's stored can affect its density and volume, so the results may not be as precise as using a scale. It's always a good idea to use the same method consistently throughout a recipe to maintain consistency. Additionally, bear in mind that certain recipes, such as delicate pastries, may benefit from more precise measurements, so investing in a kitchen scale can be beneficial in the long run.