Kneading dough without an electric mixer is entirely possible and has been done for centuries. Here's a traditional method for kneading dough by hand:
Ingredients you'll need for basic bread dough:
- All-purpose flour (or bread flour)
- Warm water
- Active dry yeast (or instant yeast)
- Salt
- Optionally, a small amount of sugar or honey to activate the yeast (about a teaspoon)
Instructions:
Mixing the dough:
- In a large mixing bowl, combine the flour and salt. If you're using active dry yeast, dissolve it in warm water with a pinch of sugar or honey and let it sit for a few minutes until it becomes frothy.
- Gradually add the water (with dissolved yeast if using) to the flour while stirring with a wooden spoon or a fork. Keep adding the water until the dough starts coming together.
Kneading the dough:
- Once the dough has formed a rough mass, transfer it onto a lightly floured surface. Use clean and floured hands for this step.
- Start kneading the dough by pushing it away from you with the heel of your hand and then folding it back over itself. Turn the dough a quarter turn, and repeat the process.
- Continue this motion for about 8 to 10 minutes or until the dough becomes smooth, elastic, and no longer sticky. If it feels too sticky, you can add a little flour to the surface as you knead.
Resting the dough:
- Form the kneaded dough into a ball and place it back into the mixing bowl.
- Cover the bowl with a clean kitchen towel or plastic wrap.
- Allow the dough to rise in a warm, draft-free place for about 1 to 2 hours or until it has doubled in size.
Now your dough is ready to be shaped and baked according to your chosen bread recipe!
Remember, kneading is an essential step in bread-making as it helps develop gluten, which gives the bread its structure and elasticity. Kneading by hand might take a bit of effort and practice, but it's a rewarding process that connects you to the tradition of baking.