Yes, covering bread dough with plastic wrap can help it rise. The primary purpose of covering bread dough with plastic wrap or a damp cloth is to create a warm and slightly humid environment around the dough, which promotes yeast activity and fermentation. Yeast, a microorganism, is responsible for the rising of bread dough.
When you cover the dough, it helps to trap the moisture released during fermentation, preventing the dough's surface from drying out. The moisture, combined with the warmth, supports the growth and activity of yeast, leading to the production of carbon dioxide gas. The carbon dioxide gas causes the dough to expand and rise, creating the airy and light texture typical of well-risen bread.
It's essential to keep the dough in a draft-free and warm spot, ideally around 75-85°F (24-29°C), to ensure proper rising. However, be cautious not to make it too warm, as excessively high temperatures can cause the dough to rise too quickly, potentially affecting the bread's flavor and structure.
Different bread recipes may have specific rising times and temperatures, so it's always a good idea to follow the instructions provided in the recipe to achieve the best results. Properly rising the dough is a critical step in bread-making, as it contributes to the final texture and taste of the bread.