An air vacuum, also known as a suction or a vacuum cleaner, works on the principle of creating a pressure difference to draw in air and any particles or debris along with it. Here's a simplified explanation of how it works:
Electric Motor: A vacuum cleaner is powered by an electric motor, typically located near the base of the unit. When you switch on the vacuum cleaner, the electric motor starts running.
Fan or Impeller: Connected to the motor is a fan or impeller, which is responsible for creating the airflow. As the fan rotates, it pushes air out of the vacuum cleaner through an exhaust port.
Suction Inlet and Dustbin/Cleaning Bag: The vacuum cleaner has a suction inlet or nozzle at its base, which is the opening through which it draws in air and debris. The air containing dust, dirt, and other particles enters the vacuum cleaner through this suction inlet.
Pressure Difference: As the fan pushes air out of the vacuum, it creates a low-pressure area inside the machine. Nature abhors a vacuum, so air from the surrounding environment rushes in to fill this low-pressure area. Along with the air, any loose particles and debris in the vicinity of the suction inlet also get pulled in.
Filtration: Once inside the vacuum cleaner, the air and debris pass through one or more filters. These filters are designed to trap and retain the dust and particles while allowing the air to pass through.
Dust Collection: The collected dust and debris are stored in a dustbin or a disposable cleaning bag. Bagless vacuum cleaners have a dustbin that can be emptied and reused, while bagged vacuum cleaners use disposable bags that need to be replaced when full.
Clean Air Exhaust: After passing through the filtration system, the air, now relatively clean, is exhausted back into the room through the vacuum cleaner's exhaust port.
Controls and Accessories: Most modern vacuum cleaners have various controls and accessories to adjust suction power, switch between different cleaning modes (e.g., carpet and hard floors), and use specialized attachments for different cleaning tasks (e.g., crevice tool, brush attachments).
This process is repeated continuously while you use the vacuum cleaner, and it efficiently cleans the surfaces by sucking in dirt, debris, pet hair, and other particles from carpets, floors, and other areas. Regular maintenance, such as cleaning or replacing filters and emptying the dustbin or changing the cleaning bag, is necessary to ensure optimal performance and longevity of the vacuum cleaner.