When bugs are sucked into a vacuum cleaner, there are several potential outcomes, depending on the type and size of the bug, the vacuum cleaner's power and filtration system, and the duration of suction. Here's what typically happens:
Instant death: Smaller insects and bugs may be killed instantly upon entering the vacuum cleaner due to the force of the suction or the impact against the walls or filters inside.
Trapped in the vacuum bag/container: In bagged vacuum cleaners, the bugs usually end up trapped inside the vacuum bag along with dust and debris. Bagless vacuum cleaners have a dust container, and bugs get trapped there instead. The lack of air and food inside the vacuum bag/container will eventually lead to their death.
Escaping through the exhaust: In some cases, if the bug is large enough or the vacuum's filtration is not efficient, the bug might escape through the vacuum's exhaust system and end up back in the room. This is more likely to happen with larger bugs that can resist the suction.
Decomposition: If the bug is not killed instantly and gets trapped inside the vacuum cleaner, it will likely decompose over time due to the lack of food, water, and air. In this case, the remains of the bug will become a part of the accumulated dust and debris inside the vacuum bag or container.
In general, bugs are not harmful to the vacuum cleaner itself, and the vacuum cleaner should function normally after sucking them in. However, it's a good idea to clean or replace the vacuum bag or empty the dust container regularly to prevent unpleasant odors and to maintain the efficiency of the vacuum cleaner's suction. Additionally, if you are dealing with pests, it's better to use proper pest control methods rather than relying solely on a vacuum cleaner to remove them.