When a vacuum cleaner is turned on, several things happen:
Power supply: When you switch on the vacuum cleaner, it receives an electrical supply from the outlet or the battery, depending on the type of vacuum cleaner (corded or cordless).
Motor activation: The vacuum cleaner's motor is the heart of the machine. When you turn it on, an electric current flows through the motor, which generates a magnetic field. This magnetic field interacts with coils inside the motor, causing it to spin.
Airflow generation: As the motor spins, it drives the impeller or fan, which is connected to the motor shaft. The spinning fan creates a flow of air within the vacuum cleaner.
Suction effect: The airflow created by the spinning fan creates an area of low pressure inside the vacuum cleaner, commonly referred to as "suction." This suction pulls air, dirt, and debris into the vacuum cleaner through the nozzle or opening at the cleaning head.
Filtration and separation: As the air and debris enter the vacuum cleaner, they pass through various filters and separators. These components are designed to trap and separate the dirt and dust particles from the air, ensuring that only clean air is expelled back into the environment.
Collection of dirt and debris: The separated dirt and debris are collected in a dustbin, bag, or container within the vacuum cleaner. The capacity and type of collection system depend on the model and design of the vacuum cleaner.
Exhaust: After the air has passed through the filtration system, it is expelled back into the environment. The air that is released from the vacuum cleaner is cleaner than the air that entered it since the dust and debris have been removed.
Overall, the combination of the motor-driven fan creating a flow of air and the suction generated by the low-pressure area enables the vacuum cleaner to effectively pick up dirt and debris from the surfaces being cleaned.