The damper position on a wood stove can vary depending on the specific situation and the stage of burning the wood. There are generally two types of dampers found on wood stoves:
Primary Air Damper: This damper controls the amount of air flowing into the firebox and is typically located at the bottom or underneath the firebox. It is used to control the intensity of the fire. When starting a fire or trying to increase the heat output, the primary air damper should be fully open to allow maximum airflow to the fire.
Secondary Air Damper: This damper is responsible for controlling the airflow over the top of the fire and is usually located near the stovepipe or flue. It helps in burning off any remaining combustible gases and particles, leading to a more efficient and cleaner burn. The secondary air damper is often operated to reduce smoke and increase efficiency.
During the initial stages of starting a fire, both the primary and secondary air dampers should be fully open to allow for maximum airflow. Once the fire is established and the desired heat level is achieved, you can begin adjusting the dampers to control the burn rate and heat output.
As a general rule of thumb:
- For a hotter and more intense fire: Open both the primary and secondary dampers.
- For a slower and longer-lasting burn: Close the primary damper slightly, while adjusting the secondary damper to control the burn rate and heat output.
Keep in mind that the exact positioning of the dampers can vary depending on your specific wood stove model, so it's always a good idea to refer to the manufacturer's guidelines and instructions for optimal use and safety. Additionally, ensure that you are using dry, seasoned wood to maximize the efficiency and performance of your wood stove.