In modern well-sealed homes, wood stoves can get supply air in different ways, depending on the specific design and installation. The two common methods are:
Direct outside air intake: Many modern wood stoves are designed with an external air intake, which is directly connected to the outside of the house. This air intake ensures that the wood stove receives a constant supply of fresh air for combustion without drawing air from inside the house. This helps maintain indoor air quality and prevents negative pressure issues that could lead to drafts and inefficiencies in the home's heating and ventilation system.
Preheating: Some wood stove models have an air intake system that preheats the outside air before it enters the combustion chamber. This preheating helps improve the stove's efficiency by reducing the amount of heat loss when cold air enters the firebox. Preheating is typically achieved using a system of ducts or chambers within the stove that transfer heat from the hot flue gases to the incoming air.
Room air intake: In some cases, wood stoves draw their combustion air from the room where they are installed. This method does not involve a direct outside air connection but relies on using indoor air for combustion. While this can simplify installation, it may have some drawbacks, such as potential negative pressure issues in the room or home and the possibility of affecting indoor air quality.
For energy-efficient and well-sealed homes, using a wood stove with a direct outside air intake is generally preferred. It ensures that the stove operates efficiently without impacting the indoor air quality or causing any issues related to pressure imbalances within the home.
When installing a wood stove, it's essential to comply with local building codes and manufacturer's guidelines to ensure safe and efficient operation. Professional installation is recommended, especially when dealing with air intake systems and venting to maintain proper clearances and safety standards.