An unopened bottle of white wine can be stored in the refrigerator for several months, and in some cases, even longer, without going bad. The exact shelf life will depend on the type of white wine and its quality.
Generally, the following guidelines can be used:
Crisp, Light, and Dry White Wines: Wines like Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Grigio, and unoaked Chardonnay can typically be stored in the refrigerator for about 1 to 1.5 years without significant degradation in quality. These wines are meant to be consumed relatively young and are best enjoyed within a year or so of purchase.
Full-Bodied and Oak-Aged White Wines: Wines like oaked Chardonnay or certain white blends can have a longer shelf life. They can be stored in the refrigerator for about 2 to 3 years before their flavor profile starts to decline.
It's important to note that not all white wines are suitable for extended aging, even when stored in the refrigerator. The majority of white wines are made to be consumed relatively young, so they won't improve with age. Instead, they are meant to be enjoyed for their fresh, fruity, and vibrant characteristics.
To maximize the shelf life of an unopened bottle of white wine:
Store it properly: Keep the bottle upright in the refrigerator to minimize the wine's contact with the cork, reducing the risk of oxidation.
Consistent temperature: Maintain a steady temperature in the refrigerator to avoid temperature fluctuations, as they can negatively affect the wine's quality.
Dark environment: If possible, keep the wine away from light, as UV rays can also degrade the wine over time.
Remember that once you open the bottle, the wine will begin to oxidize, and its quality will deteriorate more quickly. In general, it's best to consume an opened bottle of white wine within 3 to 5 days after opening, depending on the type and style of wine.