When the damper in the fridge goes bad while the freezer works fine, it could be due to several reasons:
Damper motor failure: The damper in a refrigerator is often controlled by a small motor that regulates the airflow between the freezer and the fridge compartments. If this motor fails or becomes faulty, the damper may get stuck in one position, leading to either limited or no airflow into the fridge section.
Damper obstruction: Sometimes, debris, ice buildup, or food items can block the damper's opening, preventing proper airflow. This obstruction can impede the cold air from reaching the fridge compartment, resulting in a temperature imbalance.
Damper control issues: The control board or thermostat responsible for regulating the damper's operation may malfunction. It can lead to incorrect signals being sent to the damper motor, causing it to open or close improperly.
Damper door seal problems: The damper has a door that opens and closes to control airflow. If the seal around the damper door is damaged or worn out, cold air may leak into the fridge even when the damper is supposed to be closed. This can cause the fridge section to become too cold or freeze items.
Ice maker and defrost system issues: Some refrigerator models have ice makers and defrost systems that can impact the damper's function. If the ice maker or defrost system malfunctions, it can affect the temperature distribution in both the freezer and fridge compartments.
Sensor issues: Modern refrigerators often have sensors to monitor temperatures and adjust airflow accordingly. If these sensors are faulty or misreading temperatures, they may not activate the damper appropriately.
Electrical problems: Wiring issues or electrical faults can disrupt the communication between the control board, damper motor, and sensors, leading to damper malfunction.
Mechanical wear and tear: Over time, the damper's moving parts may experience wear and tear, causing them to become less responsive or misaligned.
To diagnose and fix the problem, it's best to consult a professional refrigerator repair technician. They can perform a thorough inspection, identify the specific issue with the damper, and make the necessary repairs or replacements. Regular maintenance, such as cleaning the damper area and checking for obstructions, can also help prevent issues and ensure the refrigerator functions optimally.