The current and power draw of compressors in refrigerators vary depending on the size and type of refrigerator. Generally, when a refrigerator compressor starts up, it requires a higher current than when it's running steadily. This initial surge of current is known as the "starting current" or "inrush current."
For a typical household refrigerator, the starting current can range from about 3 to 8 times the normal running current. On average, the starting current may be around 1.5 to 2 amps for a small fridge and 5 to 8 amps for a larger one. However, during the fraction of a second when the compressor starts, the current can spike much higher.
As for power (wattage), you can calculate it using the formula:
Power (Watts) = Voltage (Volts) x Current (Amps)
For example, if a refrigerator compressor has a starting current of 6 amps and operates at the standard voltage of 120 volts (common in the United States), the starting power would be:
Power (Watts) = 120 V x 6 A = 720 Watts
It's important to note that these values are approximate and can vary depending on the specific refrigerator model and its efficiency. Some modern refrigerators may have more advanced compressors that are designed to reduce the starting current and minimize energy consumption.
In addition, certain refrigerators may have "soft start" or "inverter" compressors, which use electronics to gradually ramp up the compressor speed, reducing the initial current surge. These compressors are more efficient and have a gentler impact on the electrical system during startup.