Whether or not you need to refrigerate a cake depends on the type of cake, the ingredients used, and the surrounding temperature and humidity. Here are some general guidelines:
Unfrosted Cakes: If the cake is a simple, unfrosted cake (e.g., a pound cake or sponge cake), it can typically be stored at room temperature for a day or two, especially if the weather is not too hot or humid. However, for longer storage or during hot and humid weather, it's best to refrigerate it to maintain freshness.
Frosted Cakes: Cakes with frosting or icing generally need to be refrigerated, especially if the frosting contains ingredients like dairy products or cream cheese. The frosting can spoil or become runny if left at room temperature for an extended period.
Buttercream Frosting: Cakes frosted with buttercream made from butter and powdered sugar can stay at room temperature for a short time (a few hours) but are best stored in the refrigerator for longer freshness. However, keep in mind that buttercream can become firm when chilled, so it's best to let the cake sit at room temperature for a while before serving.
Cream Cheese Frosting: Cakes with cream cheese frosting should always be refrigerated. Cream cheese is a perishable product and can spoil if left at room temperature for too long.
Whipped Cream Frosting: If the cake is frosted with fresh whipped cream, it must be refrigerated. Whipped cream is highly perishable and will lose its texture and taste if left out for an extended period.
Fondant-Covered Cakes: Cakes covered with fondant can be stored at room temperature. The fondant acts as a protective barrier, and the cake inside remains fresh. However, if the cake has fillings or frostings that require refrigeration, it's best to store it in the refrigerator.
Remember, if you do refrigerate a cake with frosting, cover it with a cake dome or wrap it well in plastic wrap to prevent it from absorbing any odors from the refrigerator.
If you're unsure about whether to refrigerate a specific cake, it's always safer to refrigerate it, especially if it contains perishable ingredients like eggs, dairy, or fresh fruits. Refrigeration helps to inhibit bacterial growth and extends the cake's shelf life. Additionally, if the cake has been cut or if it's a leftover from a celebration, it's best to store it in the refrigerator to keep it fresh for a more extended period.