Yes, you can store certain types of cheese without a fridge, but it depends on the type of cheese and the ambient temperature and humidity conditions. Traditional methods of cheese storage have been used for centuries in various cultures before the advent of refrigeration.
Hard, aged cheeses like Parmesan, Pecorino, and Cheddar have lower moisture content and can be stored at room temperature, ideally in a cool, dry place. The cheese should be wrapped in wax paper or cheese paper to allow it to breathe while protecting it from drying out. Make sure to keep it away from direct sunlight and strong odors, as cheese can absorb smells.
However, for soft and fresh cheeses like mozzarella, feta, or ricotta, it's generally recommended to refrigerate them. These cheeses have higher moisture content and are more susceptible to spoilage at room temperature.
If you live in a hot and humid climate, it might be challenging to store any type of cheese at room temperature without it spoiling quickly. In such cases, a cool cellar or a cheese cave with controlled temperature and humidity levels would be more suitable for storing cheese without a fridge.
Remember that without refrigeration, cheese will age and ripen faster, so you'll need to consume it relatively quickly. Always use your senses to check for any signs of spoilage, such as mold growth, off smells, or changes in texture. When in doubt, it's better to err on the side of caution and discard any cheese that appears to be spoiled.
Overall, while it is possible to store certain types of cheese without a fridge, using a refrigerator is still the most reliable and convenient method for extending the shelf life and maintaining the quality of most cheeses, especially in modern living conditions.