The temperature difference between the highest and lowest parts of a fridge can vary depending on the specific design and cooling system of the refrigerator. However, in many standard household refrigerators, the coldest part is typically located at the top, closer to the freezer compartment, while the lower parts may be slightly warmer.
The temperature difference within a refrigerator is often not extreme, and modern refrigerators are designed to maintain relatively consistent temperatures throughout the entire compartment. The variation in temperature is usually within a few degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit.
To provide a general estimate, the temperature difference between the top and bottom parts of a refrigerator might range from 2 to 6 degrees Celsius (4 to 11 degrees Fahrenheit). For example, the top part might be set to around 0 to 4 degrees Celsius (32 to 40 degrees Fahrenheit) to keep the food in the freezer frozen, while the lower parts may be maintained at temperatures around 4 to 8 degrees Celsius (40 to 46 degrees Fahrenheit) to keep perishable items cool but not frozen.
Keep in mind that the actual temperature distribution can depend on factors such as the refrigerator's size, cooling system efficiency, how well the doors seal, and how often the fridge is opened and closed. For the most accurate information regarding the temperature distribution in a specific refrigerator model, it's best to refer to the manufacturer's guidelines or user manual. Additionally, using an internal thermometer in different parts of the refrigerator can help you understand its temperature distribution better and adjust the settings accordingly.