While standing close to a microwave oven while it is operating is generally considered safe, it is recommended to maintain a reasonable distance for a few reasons:
Heat and steam: Microwaves heat food by emitting microwaves that excite water molecules, generating heat. When you open the microwave door or remove hot food, there may be hot steam and surfaces. Standing too close can increase the risk of burns or scalds.
Electromagnetic fields: Microwaves generate electromagnetic fields to heat food. However, the levels of electromagnetic radiation emitted by microwave ovens are well below the safety limits established by regulatory authorities, such as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States. Standing close to a microwave oven is unlikely to expose you to significant levels of electromagnetic radiation.
That said, if you have a pacemaker or other implanted medical device, it's advisable to maintain a safe distance from a microwave oven. Although the risk is minimal, electromagnetic fields can potentially interfere with the operation of such devices. Manufacturers usually provide guidelines regarding safe distances for individuals with medical implants, so it's best to consult the device manufacturer or your healthcare provider for specific advice.
In general, it's recommended to follow the manufacturer's instructions and exercise caution when using a microwave oven to prevent accidents, burns, or other injuries.