Ants (and other insects) are not immune to the harmful effects of microwave radiation, but their small size and physical characteristics make them more resilient compared to larger organisms. When you microwave food or any other material, the microwaves generate electromagnetic radiation that causes water molecules in the substance to vibrate rapidly, generating heat. The heat is what cooks or warms up the material.
The reason ants may survive briefly in a microwave is primarily due to their small size and low water content. The microwaves don't penetrate very deeply into their bodies, and their small size means that they have a relatively small volume of water to absorb microwave radiation. As a result, the heat generated is not enough to cause severe damage to their internal organs or tissues in a short exposure time.
However, this doesn't mean that microwaving ants is safe or humane. While they might survive brief exposure, it's still causing unnecessary stress and harm to the insects. Microwaving living creatures is also ethically problematic and should not be done.
It's essential to remember that microwave ovens are designed for heating food and other substances safely, and they should not be used to harm animals intentionally. If you have an ant infestation in your home or encounter other pests, it's best to contact a professional pest control service to address the issue humanely and effectively.