To improve the power factor of your 1.5-ton air conditioner, you don't need to fix the capacitor of the air conditioner itself. Instead, you would use a separate device called a "power factor correction capacitor" or "power factor correction unit."
Air conditioners, like many other electrical appliances, have a power factor, which is a measure of how efficiently they use electrical power. A power factor of 1.0 is considered ideal, meaning all the power drawn from the electrical grid is used efficiently. However, many devices, including air conditioners, can have power factors below 1.0, which means they draw some reactive power in addition to the active power needed for their operation. Reactive power doesn't perform useful work but still needs to be supplied by the electrical grid, leading to inefficiencies.
To improve the power factor, you can use a power factor correction capacitor. This device compensates for the reactive power drawn by the air conditioner, making the power factor closer to 1.0. By doing this, you can reduce the amount of reactive power the air conditioner draws from the grid and make its energy usage more efficient.
For the correct size of the power factor correction capacitor, it's best to consult with a qualified electrician or an electrical engineer who can assess the power factor of your air conditioner and provide the appropriate capacitor size. The size of the capacitor needed will depend on factors like the air conditioner's power factor, its load characteristics, and the overall electrical system in your building or home.
Keep in mind that power factor correction is more commonly used in industrial and commercial setups where there are significant power demands and potential penalties for poor power factors. For residential air conditioners, power factor correction may not be as common or necessary, but it's always best to consult with an expert to determine if it's appropriate for your specific situation.