In a properly functioning transformer and microwave oven, the primary and secondary windings are electrically isolated from each other. The core of the transformer, which is typically connected to the microwave oven body, serves as a common ground reference point for safety purposes. Here's why you don't get shocked by touching the oven:
Isolation of the Secondary Winding: The secondary winding of the transformer, which is connected to the oven's high-voltage circuitry, is electrically isolated from the primary winding. This isolation ensures that the high voltage in the secondary winding does not pass through to the primary side or the oven body.
Grounding: The core of the transformer is typically connected to the microwave oven body, which is grounded for safety. Grounding helps to prevent electrical shocks by providing a path of least resistance for current in the event of a fault. If there is an unintended electrical connection between the high-voltage circuit and the oven body, the grounding helps to redirect the current to the ground, preventing it from passing through a person who touches the oven.
Safety Measures: Microwave ovens are designed with multiple layers of insulation and safety mechanisms to protect users from electric shock. These safety measures include proper insulation of high-voltage components, grounding, and the use of safety switches that disable the high-voltage circuit when the oven door is open.
It's important to note that these safety features are essential for the proper functioning and safety of microwave ovens. However, it is always crucial to use appliances according to their intended purpose and follow safety guidelines provided by the manufacturer to ensure safe operation and minimize any potential risks.