An air conditioner system with one outdoor unit and multiple indoor units is known as a multi-split or multi-zone system. It allows for independent cooling or heating of different areas or rooms within a building. Here's how it typically works:
Outdoor Unit: The outdoor unit contains the compressor, condenser, and other components necessary for cooling. It is responsible for extracting heat from the indoor air and transferring it outside.
Indoor Units: Each indoor unit is installed in a separate area or room that requires cooling or heating. These units consist of an evaporator coil and a fan to distribute conditioned air into the space. They are connected to the outdoor unit via refrigerant lines.
Refrigerant Circulation: Refrigerant, a chemical substance, is used to transfer heat between the outdoor and indoor units. It circulates through a closed-loop system. The refrigerant absorbs heat from the indoor air at the evaporator coils in each indoor unit, which cools down the air.
Compressor and Condenser: The refrigerant, now carrying the absorbed heat, flows to the outdoor unit. There, the compressor pressurizes the refrigerant, increasing its temperature. The hot refrigerant then enters the condenser, where it releases heat to the outside environment.
Expansion Valve: After the refrigerant is cooled in the condenser, it passes through an expansion valve. This valve reduces the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant, preparing it to absorb heat again.
Zoning and Control: The multi-split system allows for independent control of each indoor unit. Typically, there is a central control panel or individual thermostats for each zone. This enables users to set different temperature settings or turn off units in unoccupied areas, maximizing energy efficiency and comfort.
By having a single outdoor unit and multiple indoor units, a multi-split air conditioner system provides flexibility to cool or heat different areas according to individual preferences and requirements. It eliminates the need for separate outdoor units for each indoor unit, making it a suitable choice for homes or buildings with limited outdoor space or multiple rooms that need independent temperature control.