Before the invention of drywall, American builders used a variety of materials for interior wall surfaces. Some of the commonly used materials included:
Plaster: Plaster was one of the most widespread materials for finishing interior walls before the widespread adoption of drywall. Builders would apply multiple layers of plaster to wooden lath strips nailed to the wall studs. This process, known as lath and plaster, created a durable and smooth surface. However, it was labor-intensive and time-consuming.
Wood Paneling: Wood paneling was used to cover interior walls in many homes and buildings. Different types of wood, such as oak, pine, or mahogany, were crafted into panels and then installed on the wall surface. Wood paneling provided an elegant and decorative appearance to interiors.
Beadboard: Beadboard, also known as wainscoting, was a popular choice for wall coverings in homes. It consisted of narrow wooden planks with a groove or "bead" along one edge, which allowed the boards to fit together tightly.
Fabric Wall Coverings: Fabric was sometimes used to cover walls, especially in more luxurious or upscale interiors. It was stretched over the wall surface and secured in place to provide a soft and textured appearance.
Brick or Stone: In some older buildings, especially those with a more rustic or industrial look, builders left the brick or stone walls exposed as the interior finish. This was often seen in warehouses, industrial spaces, and older homes with a more traditional construction style.
Wallpaper: Wallpaper has been used for centuries to decorate interior walls. Early wallpapers were made of hand-painted or block-printed paper and adorned many interior spaces.
Each of these materials had its pros and cons, and the choice of wall finish often depended on factors such as cost, aesthetics, and the specific architectural style of the building. With the invention of drywall (also known as plasterboard or gypsum board) in the early 20th century, a more convenient and cost-effective option for interior wall surfaces became widely available, leading to its widespread adoption in modern construction.