Question

How can you test a home air conditioning compressor or fan motor without any special tools, to see if it needs replacing?

Answer 1

While it is challenging to perform a comprehensive assessment of a home air conditioning compressor or fan motor without specialized tools, there are a few simple steps you can take to get a rough idea of their functionality. Keep in mind that these methods are not foolproof and may not provide a definitive diagnosis. For accurate and precise evaluation, it is recommended to consult a professional HVAC technician. However, here are some basic steps you can try:

1. Power and Observation:

   • Ensure that the power to the air conditioning system is turned off.
   • Inspect the compressor and fan motor for any visible signs of damage, such as burnt wires, loose connections, or excessive dirt accumulation.
   • Check if the motor spins freely without any obstructions.

2. Electrical Check:

   • Verify that the power is still off.
   • Locate the capacitor(s) connected to the compressor and fan motor (usually cylindrical in shape).
   • Inspect the capacitors for any signs of bulging, leaking, or other visible damage.
   • If you have a multimeter and are comfortable using it, you can test the capacitors for proper capacitance and voltage. However, this step requires some technical knowledge and equipment.

3. Reset and Power On:

   • If you have access to the air conditioning system's control panel, locate the breaker or disconnect switch for the condensing unit (the outdoor unit with the compressor and fan motor).
   • Turn the breaker or switch off and wait for a few minutes.
   • Turn the breaker or switch back on, allowing the unit to reset.
   • Power on the air conditioning system and set it to cool.
   • Observe and listen for any unusual noises or vibrations coming from the compressor or fan motor. Pay attention to whether they start and run smoothly or exhibit signs of struggle.

Please note that these methods are not foolproof and may not detect certain underlying issues with the compressor or fan motor. It is advisable to consult a qualified HVAC technician if you suspect a significant problem or if your troubleshooting attempts do not yield satisfactory results.