Yes, ground source heating, also known as geothermal heating or ground source heat pumps, can be used in homes or buildings that don't have basements but instead have concrete slabs with crawl spaces underneath them.
In a traditional ground source heating system, a series of pipes, called ground loops, are buried underground to take advantage of the relatively constant temperature of the earth. These ground loops circulate a fluid that absorbs heat from the ground in the winter and dissipates heat into the ground in the summer.
For homes or buildings with concrete slabs and crawl spaces, the ground loops can be installed horizontally in the ground underneath the concrete slab. The length and depth of the ground loops will depend on the heating and cooling needs of the building.
The crawl space itself doesn't directly affect the performance of the ground source heating system, but it's essential to ensure proper insulation and sealing to prevent heat loss. Properly insulating and sealing the crawl space will help maintain the efficiency of the ground source heat pump and prevent unwanted heat exchange with the outside environment.
If you're considering installing a ground source heating system in a home or building with a crawl space, it's best to consult with a professional HVAC contractor or a geothermal system specialist. They can assess your specific situation, determine the feasibility of the installation, and design a system that meets your heating and cooling needs effectively.