The design of refrigerators with the freezer on top and the fridge part below is primarily based on historical and practical reasons. Here are some factors that contribute to this common configuration:
Energy Efficiency: Cold air tends to sink, and placing the freezer on top takes advantage of this natural convection process. Since cold air is heavier than warm air, it naturally falls downward, helping to keep the freezer compartment cold. This layout reduces the amount of cold air that escapes when the refrigerator door is opened, as the colder air from the freezer stays in its lower position.
Frequency of Use: In many households, the freezer is used less frequently than the refrigerator. By placing the freezer on top, the less frequently accessed items can be stored there, while the refrigerator compartment, which is accessed more often, is at a more convenient height.
Accessibility: Placing the refrigerator compartment at eye level or waist height makes it easier to access and organize the items inside. The frequently used food items are within comfortable reach without the need to bend or stoop down.
Storage Capacity: The freezer compartment is typically smaller than the refrigerator section. Placing it on top allows for a more compact and efficient design. It also allows for a wider and more spacious refrigerator compartment, providing ample storage for perishable items.
It's important to note that while the top freezer/bottom refrigerator configuration is common, there are other designs available as well. Some refrigerators have the freezer on the bottom (bottom freezer refrigerators) or have side-by-side compartments with the freezer on one side and the fridge on the other. These variations cater to different preferences and storage needs.