When you touch an electric stove top while it's on and get burned instead of electrocuted, it's because the stove operates on a different mechanism than an electrical shock. Let's break down the reasons for this:
Insulated Conductive Surface: Electric stove tops are designed with a layer of insulation between the heating element and the outer surface that you touch. This insulation prevents direct contact with the live electrical components inside the stove.
Low Voltage: Electric stoves typically operate at a relatively low voltage compared to other electrical appliances or power sources. The voltage used in most household electric stoves is generally 120 to 240 volts. While it's enough to generate heat in the coils, it's not usually enough to cause significant harm in a single touch. It can, however, cause burns if the contact with the hot surface is prolonged.
High Resistance: The electric stove's heating element has a high resistance, which means it limits the amount of current flowing through it. When you touch the stove's surface, your body has a much lower resistance than the stove's heating element, so most of the current flows through the heating element and not through you.
Path of Least Resistance: Electricity, like water, follows the path of least resistance. In the case of an electric stove, the path of least resistance is through the stove's heating element and not through your body, which has a higher resistance.
Grounding: Electric stoves are grounded, meaning they are connected to the Earth through a grounding wire. If a fault were to occur in the stove, such as a short circuit, the excess current would flow through the grounding wire, diverting it away from the user and preventing electrocution.
However, it's important to note that while electric stove tops are generally safer in terms of electrocution risk, they can still cause severe burns if touched when hot. Always exercise caution and avoid touching the stove's surface while it's on or immediately after use until it cools down. Additionally, be aware of potential electrical hazards and always follow proper safety measures when dealing with electrical appliances.