If an appliance calls for a 10 amp fuse, and you only have a 15 amp fuse available, it is generally safe to use the 15 amp fuse. The amperage rating of a fuse indicates the maximum amount of current that it can safely handle before it "blows" or interrupts the circuit to protect against overcurrent.
In this scenario, the 15 amp fuse can handle more current than the appliance requires (10 amps), so it won't blow simply because it is rated for a higher amperage. The appliance will only draw the amount of current it needs, which is 10 amps in this case. The 15 amp fuse will be able to handle that current without any issues.
However, it's important to note that using a higher ampere-rated fuse does not provide any additional protection to the appliance. The fuse is primarily intended to protect against excessive current flow that could lead to overheating or electrical damage. If there is a fault or malfunction in the appliance that causes it to draw more than 10 amps of current, the 15 amp fuse may not provide adequate protection.
It's generally recommended to use the appropriate fuse size specified by the manufacturer for the appliance. If you're unsure or concerned about the fuse rating, it's always best to consult the appliance's manual or contact the manufacturer for guidance.