In the context of electrical wiring for appliances like a dryer, a "12-3 wire" typically refers to a cable with three conductors inside - one black (hot), one red (hot), and one white (neutral) - plus a bare copper or green wire for grounding. The "12" in "12-3" indicates the wire gauge, which is a measure of the wire's diameter and capacity to carry electrical current. In this case, "12" corresponds to a 12-gauge wire.
The suitability of using a 12-3 wire for a dryer depends on the electrical requirements of the dryer and the specific wiring configuration in your location. Dryers generally require a 240-volt circuit to power the heating element, which typically consists of two hot wires and one neutral wire.
A 12-3 wire can be used for certain dryer installations, specifically when the dryer operates on a 240-volt circuit and does not require a separate neutral wire. This type of circuit is often referred to as a "split-phase" or "two-phase" circuit, where the 240 volts are obtained by using two 120-volt legs that are 180 degrees out of phase with each other.
Before using a 12-3 wire for a dryer, you should verify the following:
The dryer is designed to operate on a 240-volt circuit without a separate neutral wire. Some modern dryers require a 4-wire connection (two hots, neutral, and ground), and in those cases, a 12-3 wire wouldn't be sufficient.
The electrical code and regulations in your location allow for this type of wiring configuration. Electrical codes may vary depending on your country or region, so it's essential to check the local regulations and consult with a qualified electrician if needed.
The circuit breaker and outlet used for the dryer are compatible with the 12-3 wire and the dryer's electrical requirements.
If you're uncertain about your electrical setup or lack experience in electrical work, it's crucial to hire a licensed electrician to ensure the safety and compliance of the installation. Electrical work can be hazardous if not done correctly, so it's best to seek professional help when dealing with appliance installations and wiring.