When cleaning dishes by hand without dishwasher liquid, using warm to hot water is generally the most effective temperature for cleaning. The ideal temperature range is typically considered to be between 110°F (43°C) and 125°F (52°C). Here's why:
Grease and oil removal: Warm water helps to break down and dissolve grease and oil more effectively than cold water. This can make it easier to remove food residues from dishes, especially those with oily or greasy substances.
Loosening food particles: The heat from warm water can help to soften and loosen food particles stuck on dishes. This makes it easier to remove them with a sponge or scrubber.
Sanitization: Hotter water temperatures, closer to the upper end of the range mentioned above, can help with sanitizing dishes by killing bacteria and germs. However, it's important to note that for proper sanitization, water temperatures above 170°F (77°C) are typically required, which is hotter than what would be comfortable for handwashing.
Keep in mind that using extremely hot water can be unsafe and may cause burns or discomfort. It's crucial to find a temperature that is hot enough to be effective for cleaning, but not so hot that it becomes hazardous. Also, if you have delicate or heat-sensitive items, such as fine china or certain plastics, it's advisable to use cooler water to prevent damage.
While warm water is effective for general dishwashing, using a mild dishwashing liquid or soap can further enhance the cleaning process by providing additional grease-cutting power and detergent action.