If the pulley on your AC compressor is turning, but the compressor clutch is not engaging, and the system is not accepting refrigerant (freon), it is possible that your AC compressor is experiencing a problem. There could be several reasons for this issue:
Compressor Clutch Failure: The AC compressor has a clutch that engages and disengages the compressor as needed. If the clutch is faulty, it may not engage even when the pulley is turning. A faulty clutch could be due to electrical issues or mechanical failure.
Low Refrigerant Pressure: The AC system may not accept refrigerant if the pressure in the system is too low. Low refrigerant levels can be caused by leaks in the system, which can be detrimental to the compressor's proper functioning.
Electrical Issues: There might be electrical problems such as a faulty relay, fuse, or pressure switch preventing the compressor clutch from engaging.
Compressor Seizure: In some cases, the compressor itself could be seized or internally damaged, preventing the clutch from engaging and causing issues with refrigerant circulation.
To determine the exact cause of the problem, it's essential to have the AC system inspected and diagnosed by a qualified HVAC technician. They can perform a series of tests, check the electrical components, inspect for refrigerant leaks, and evaluate the compressor's health.
If the compressor is indeed the issue, it's often more cost-effective to replace the entire compressor rather than attempting a repair. Compressor replacements are intricate tasks and require specialized tools and knowledge, making it best left to professionals.
Keep in mind that adding refrigerant without addressing the underlying problem (if there's a leak, for example) is not a proper solution and could potentially lead to further damage to your AC system. Therefore, it's crucial to have a professional technician diagnose and repair the issue properly.