If your cast iron skillet has food stuck on it even after washing with water and soap, here are some steps you can follow to clean it effectively without damaging the seasoning:
Scrape off the stuck-on food: Use a nylon or a stiff brush to gently scrape off the stuck-on food particles. Avoid using metal scouring pads or harsh abrasives, as they can damage the seasoning.
Add hot water and soap: Despite concerns about using soap on cast iron, a small amount is generally fine and won't harm the seasoning. Add hot water and a mild dish soap to the skillet.
Boil water in the skillet: Place the skillet on the stove and bring the soapy water to a gentle boil. This will help to loosen the remaining food particles.
Scrub the skillet again: After boiling for a few minutes, turn off the heat and use a nylon brush or sponge to scrub the skillet once more. Be sure to use gentle pressure to avoid damaging the seasoning.
Rinse with hot water: Pour out the soapy water and rinse the skillet thoroughly with hot water. Use caution as the skillet will be hot.
Dry immediately: Pat the skillet dry with a clean towel. Leaving it wet can lead to rusting.
Re-season the skillet: If the cleaning process removed some of the seasoning, it's a good idea to re-season the skillet. Apply a thin layer of vegetable oil or flaxseed oil to the skillet's cooking surface and heat it in the oven at around 375°F (190°C) for an hour. Wipe off any excess oil after it cools down.
Store properly: Once the skillet is dry and seasoned, store it in a dry place to prevent rusting.
Remember, regular use and proper maintenance are key to keeping your cast iron skillet in good condition. It's normal for the seasoning to develop a patina over time, which contributes to its non-stick properties. If you use the skillet regularly, it will become increasingly non-stick and easier to clean. Avoid using acidic or highly alkaline foods in cast iron, as they can break down the seasoning. Additionally, try to avoid soaking the skillet in water for prolonged periods, as it can lead to rust formation.