The coolant, or refrigerant, used in an air conditioner compressor is a chemical compound specifically designed to facilitate the cooling process. The most common refrigerant used in residential and commercial air conditioning systems for many years was a hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) called R-22, commonly known by the brand name Freon. However, due to its ozone-depleting properties, R-22 is being phased out and replaced with more environmentally friendly alternatives.
The current standard refrigerant used in new air conditioning systems is a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) called R-410A. R-410A is non-ozone depleting and has become the industry standard for residential and commercial cooling applications.
Refrigerants play a crucial role in the cooling process within an air conditioner. They circulate through the system, absorbing heat from the indoor air and releasing it outside. The refrigerant undergoes a continuous cycle of compression and expansion, which allows it to transfer heat efficiently and facilitate the cooling process.
It's important to note that refrigerants are specialized chemicals, and handling them requires expertise and proper equipment. Only certified HVAC technicians should handle refrigerants, as they are trained to handle and dispose of refrigerants safely and in compliance with environmental regulations.